Coins from Cyprus
The documented history of Cyprus begins in the 8th century BC, where the town of Kition recorded part of the ancient history of Cyprus on a stele.

In the late 4th century BC, Cyprus was conquered by Alexander II 'the Great', which accelerated an already clear drift towards hellenisation.

Alexander's death in 323 BC led to a period of turmoil, but by 294 BC the Ptolemaic Kingdom had gained control and Cyprus remained under Ptolemaic rule until 58 BC, when it became a Roman province.
Cyprus
(1) Alexander III
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An AR Tetradrachm struck 336-323 BC in Salamis (Cyprus)
Obverse: Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin

Reverse: Zeus seated left, holding eagle and scepter, bow to left

Diameter: 25 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 16.9 g
No notes for this coin
Price 3139
Greek (Kingdom of Macedonia)
(2) Alexander III
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An AE unit struck ca. 325 BC in Kourion
Obverse: Head of Alexander as Herakles facing right, wearing lionskin headdress

Reverse: ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟY, Bowcase at top, club underneath inscription, laurel branch below

Diameter: 16 mm
Die Orientation: 9 H
Weight: 4.06 g
No notes for this coin
Price 3113
Greek (Kingdom of Macedonia)
(3) Antoninus Pius | Marcus Aurelius
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An AE Sestertius (Equivalent) struck 147-161 AD in Cyprus
Obverse: ΑVΤ Κ Τ ΑΙΛ ΑΔΡΙ ΑΝΤΩΝΙΝΟС СƐΒ ƐV, Bust of Pius facing right, wearing laurel wreath, cuirass, and paludamentum

Reverse: Μ ΑVΡΗΛΙΟС ΚΑΙСΑΡ VΙΟС СƐΒΑC, Bare headed bust of Marcus with short beard, facing right, wearing cuirass, and paludamentum

Diameter: 33 mm
Die Orientation: 6 H
Weight: 26.92 g
No notes for this coin
RPC Online IV temp 5041
Roman Provincial (Adoptive Emperors)
(4) Augustus
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An AE Dupondius struck 1 AD in Paphos?
Obverse: IMP AVGVST TR POT, Head of Augustus facing right, wearing laurel wreath

Reverse: SC inside an oak wreath

Diameter: 29 mm
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 15.54 g
The obverse inscription translates to "Commander-in-Chief Augustus, Holding the power of the Tribune of the Plebs"

SC stands for "senatus consultum", a decree of the senate.
RPC I 3915
Roman Provincial (Twelve Caesars)
(5) Augustus
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An AE Quadrans struck ca. 21 BC in Paphos?
Obverse: IMP CAESAR DIVI F, Bare head of Augustus facing right

Reverse: A PLAVTIVS PROCOS, Temple of Aphrodite at Paphos, containing conical xoanon; semicircular courtyard

Diameter: 17 mm
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 4 g
Aulus Plautius as Proconsul of Cilicia et Cyprus

Denomination is probably supposed to be a quadrans given the size and weight per RPC.

The obverse inscription translates to "Commander-in-Chief Caesar, son of the Divine (referring to Julius Caesar)"
The reverse inscription translates to "Aulus Plautius, Proconsul"
RPC I 3906
Roman Provincial (Twelve Caesars)
(6) Augustus
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An AE unit struck 1 AD in Paphos | Salamis (Cyprus)
Obverse: CAESAR AVG PAT PATR, Head of Augustus facing left, wearing laurel wreath

Reverse: C CAESAR AVG F PONT COS, Bare head of Gaius Caesar facing right

Diameter: 24 mm
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 9.94 g
Gaius Caesar was Augustus's adopted son, originally born "Gaius Vipsanius Agrippa", he was Agrippa's natural son with Julia the Elder (Augustus's only child)

Translations:
Obverse: "Caesar Augustus, Father of the Fatherland"
Reverse: "Gaius Caesar, son of Augustus, Priest, Consul"
RPC I 3912
Roman Provincial (Twelve Caesars)
(7) Augustus
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An AE Quadrans? struck ca. 21 BC in Paphos?
Obverse: IMP·CAESAR·DIVI·F·, Bare head of Augustus facing right

Reverse: A PLAVTIVS PROCOS, Temple of Aphrodite at Paphos, in which conical xoanon; semi-circular courtyard

Diameter: 16 mm
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 2.86 g
No notes for this coin
RPC I 3906
Roman Provincial (Twelve Caesars)
(8) Augustus
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An AE Quadrans? struck ca. 21 BC in Salamis (Cyprus)?
Obverse: IMP CAES DIVI F AVGVSTVS, Bare head of Augustus facing right

Reverse: A PLAVTIVS PROCOS, Zeus Salaminios standing facing, holding philae and scepter; eagle rests on left wrist

Diameter: 17 mm
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 3.02 g
sprue visible at 1 o'clock

RPC lists the wrong obverse inscription, it should be the inscription listed for RPC I 3905, this coincides with the plates in RPC I Part II anyway.
RPC I 3907 corr. (obv. insc.)
Roman Provincial (Twelve Caesars)
(9) Azbaal
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An AR Stater struck c. 449-425 BC in Kition
Obverse: Herakles right, wearing lion's skin, holding bow in extended left hand and club over shoulder in his right hand

Reverse: lion attacking stag, crouching right; all within incuse square; lOZBOl

Diameter: 22 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 11.1 g
No notes for this coin
Zapiti & Michaelidou 5-6; Tziambazis 17; BMC 16-8
Phoenician (Achaemenid Phoenicia)
(10) Caracalla
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An AR Tetradrachm struck 215-217 AD in Cyprus
Obverse: laureate head right; AVT KAI AN_TWNEINOC CE

Reverse: eagle facing, head left, wreath in beak, grain ear below; ΔHMAPX EΞ YΠATOC TO Δ

Diameter: 25 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 10.9 g
No notes for this coin
Prieur 1578
Roman Provincial (Severan Period)
(11) Drusus II
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An AE Quadrans? struck 22-23 AD in Paphos | Salamis (Cyprus)
Obverse: DRVSVS CAESAR, Bare head of Drusus facing right

Reverse: Zeus Salaminios standing facing, head left, holding phiale and short scepter, eagle on left wrist

Diameter: 17 mm
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 2.75 g
RPC doesn't commit to calling it a quadrans but says it probably was supposed to be given the size and weight.

Mints were in Paphos and Salamis, neither RPC nor Tziambazis commits to attributing this issue to a specific mint.
RPC I 3923; Tziambazis Roman 11
Roman Provincial (Twelve Caesars)
(12) Evagoras I
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An AR Obol struck 411-373 BC in Salamis (Cyprus)
Obverse: Bare head of young male facing right (Evagoras?)

Reverse: Smooth, no design

Diameter: 10 mm
Die Orientation: 0 H
Weight: 0.79 g

Kingdom of Salamis

BMC 45; Tziambazis 116
Greek (Other Greek)
(13) Faustina I | Galerius Antoninus
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An AE As struck 147-161 AD in Cyprus
Obverse: draped bust of Faustina I right; ΘEA ΦAY_CTEINA

Reverse: draped bust of M. Annius Galerius Antoninus right; M ΓAΛEPIOC ANTWNINOC AYTOKPATOPOC ANTWNINOY YIOC

Diameter: 28 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 11.7 g
Possibly struck in Rome for Cyprus
Overbeck, Galerius 6; Parks 22; Vagi 1517; Lindgren III 940
Roman Provincial (Adoptive Emperors)
(14) Henry II of Cyprus
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An AR Denier struck 1285 - 1306 AD in Cyprus
Obverse: Cross pattée in a solid ring with inscription around it. Solid ring on the rim.

Reverse: Lion of Cyprus facing left and in a ring. Inscription around it and another ring on the rim.

Diameter: -
Die Orientation: -
Weight: -
No notes for this coin
No references provided for this coin
European Medieval (Crusader States)
(15) Hugh IV of Cyprus
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An AR Gros struck 1324-1359 in Nicosia
Obverse: Hugh seated facing, holding scepter and globus; B to left.

Reverse: Jerusalem cross.

Diameter: -
Die Orientation: -
Weight: -
Lusignan Kingdom of Cyprus. Hugh IV (1293?96 – 10 October 1359) was crowned as King of Cyprus at Saint Sophia Cathedral, Nicosia, on 15 April or 25 April 1324. In the same year, on 13 May, he was crowned at Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Famagusta as Titular King of Jerusalem (as Hugh II). In 1344, he joined a league with Venice and the Knights Hospitaller which burnt a Turkish fleet in Smyrna and captured the city. In 1345 the allies defeated the Turks at Imbros by land and sea, but Hugh could see little benefit for his kingdom in these endeavors and withdrew from the league. During his reign, he was strict about issues relating to justice. He was well educated and had an interest in art, literature, and philosophy and had much knowledge of Latin literature. Hugh IV resigned the crown to his son, Peter I (rather than his grandson Hugh) in 1358, and died on 10 October 1359 in Nicosia.
Metcalf, Crusades 756; CCS 69.
European Medieval (Crusader States)
(16) Ptolemy III
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An AE Dichalkon struck 264-222 BC in Salamis (Cyprus)
Obverse: Head of Zeus-Ammon facing right, wearing tainia, dotted border

Reverse: ΠΤΟΛΕΜΑΙΟΥ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ, Cult statue of Aphrodite standing facing

Diameter: 17 mm
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 3.26 g

Ptolemaic Kingdom

The reverse inscription translates to: "of King Ptolemy"

Svoronos 1008
Greek (Ptolemaic Kingdom)
(17) Ptolemy IV
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An AE unit struck 221-204 BC in Paphos
Obverse: diademed and draped bust of Aphrodite or Arsinoe III right

Reverse: eagle left; ΠTOΛEMAIOY_ΒAΣIΛEΩΣ

Diameter: 12 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 1.3 g
No notes for this coin
Svornos 1162
Greek (Ptolemaic Kingdom)
(18) Ptolemy IV
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An AE Dichalkon struck 221-204 BC in Paphos
Obverse: diademed and draped bust of Aphrodite or Arsinoe III right

Reverse: cornucopia with fillet; ΠTOΛEMAIOY_ΒAΣIΛEΩΣ

Diameter: 11.5 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 1.3 g
No notes for this coin
Svoronos 1161; SNG Copenhagen 649-650
Greek (Ptolemaic Kingdom)
(19) Ptolemy X
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An AE Diobol? struck 101-88 BC in Cyprus
Obverse: Head of Zeus-Ammon facing right, wearing diadem

Reverse: ΠΤΟΛEMAIOY ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ, Eagle with closed wings standing facing left on thunderbolt; large aphlaston at left

Diameter: 25 mm
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 7.45 g
Svoronos attributes to Kleopatra IV & Ptolemy XI, Dan Wolf of www.ptolemybronze.com, working closely with scholar Catharine Lorber, has attributed this issue to Ptolemy X Alexander I & Kleopatra Berenike
Svoronos 1813
Greek (Ptolemaic Kingdom)
(20) Salamis
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An AE unit struck c. 322-310 BC in Salamis (Cyprus)
Obverse: draped bust of Athena left wearing crested Attic helmet, earring and necklace

Reverse: prow left; ΣAΛ

Diameter: 13 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.4 g
struck by Nikokreon or Salaminion
Bank of Cyprus 27; Tziambazis 130 (Evagoras II); BMC Cyprus p. 61, 74 (Evagoras II); SNG Cop -g
Greek (City Coinage)
(21) Salamis
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An AE unit struck c. 322-310 BC in Chalcedon | Kalchedon
Obverse: draped bust of Athena left wearing crested Attic helmet, earring and necklace

Reverse: prow left; ΣAΛ

Diameter: 13 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.4 g
struck by Nikokreon or Salaminion
Bank of Cyprus 27; Tziambazis 130 (Evagoras II); BMC Cyprus p. 61, 74 (Evagoras II); SNG Cop -g
Greek (City Coinage)
(22) Tiberius | Livia
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An AE unit struck after 15-16 AD in Cyprus
Obverse: TI CAESAR AVGVSTVS, Bare head of Tiberius facing right

Reverse: IVLIA AVGVSTA, Livia, veiled, seated facing right, holding long scepter in raised left hand and patera in extended right hand

Diameter: 25 mm
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 8.71 g
No notes for this coin
RPC I 3919; Tziambazis 7; GIC 323; BMC 5-6
Roman Provincial (Twelve Caesars)