The As denomination
The As was a bronze, and later copper, coin used during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire.

During the Republic, the as featured the bust of Janus on the obverse, and the prow of a galley on the reverse.

Following the coinage reform of Augustus in 23 BC, the as was struck in reddish pure copper instead of bronze.

The as continued to be produced until the 3rd century AD. It was the lowest valued coin regularly issued during the Roman Empire.

The last as seems to have been produced by Aurelian between 270 and 275, and at the beginning of the reign of Diocletian.
As
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An AE As struck 170-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: Laureate head of Janus; I

Reverse: Prow of galley right; (VAL) / I / ROMA

Diameter: 30 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 27.3 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 185/1; Sydenham 364
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An AE As struck 170-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus I

Reverse: prow of galley right C·S(AX) I ROMA

Diameter: 33 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 26.9 g
Moneyer's father was probably praetor in 175 BC and praetor peregrinus in 173.
Crawford 173/1, Sydenham 360, BMCRR Rome 642, SRCV I 698
(3) C. Sulpicius
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An AE As struck 103 BC in Sardinia
Obverse: Laureate head of Janus; above, mark of value.

Reverse: Prow right; C•SVLPI above; palm-branch in right field; ROMA below.

Diameter: 30 mm
Die Orientation: 0 H
Weight: 32.68 g
Provenance: Private purchase (August 2017).
Crawford 312/2
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An AE As struck 38-37 BC in Achaea
Obverse: M•ANT•IMP•TERT•COS•DESIG•ITER•ET•III•VIR•RPC - Jugate busts of Mark Antony and Octavia right.

Reverse: M OPPIVS CAPITO PRO PR PRAEF CLASS F C - Galley right, below A.

Diameter: 16 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.69 g
"This unusual coin and the following four ones are examples of Mark Anthony's "fleet coinage," a series of bronzes in multiple, clearly marked denominations issued shortly after Antony's marriage alliance with Octavian, the nephew of Julius Caesar. The exact dates, the nature and purpose of the series have been the subject of much debate. David Sear places the commencement of the series in the summer of 38 BC at a still unidentified Eastern mint. The coins were struck in the names of Antony and three of his admirals--L. Sempronius Atratinus, M. Oppius Capito, and L. Calpurnius Bibulus, and falls into two distinct series, "heavy" and "light." Most of the coins depict overlapping, confronting or Janiform portraits of Antony and Octavia, his wife and Octavian's sister. A few also show Octavian, in a clearly subsidiary position. Reverses almost all feature nautical themes--galleys under full sail, or figures in chariots drawn by hippocamps. The admiral's names, themes, and the combination of Greek and Latin letters indicate the coins may have been used to pay sailors in Antony's fleet, and were intended for circulation in his Eastern realm. An intriguing feature of the series is the range of denominations, all Roman, all clearly marked in Greek letters. They range from a large bronze sestertius, previously a small silver coin, marked HS in Latin and the Greek letter-numeral D, or four, indicating a value of four asses. Next comes an unusual denomination, the tressis, or three asses, marked G; then the dupondius, two asses, marked B; and the as, marked A. The series is completed by two fractions, a semis and quadrans, marked S and with three dots (three unciae) respectively. "

"M. Oppius Capito was Antony’s senior naval officer, stationed at the main naval base at Piraeus. His coins are found distributed around central Greece, and were most likely struck at Piraeus. His coins are found in two series, a heavy and a light and it has been suggested that some were struck at Tarentum where part of Antony’s fleet was based during the joint action against Sextus Pompey in 37-36 BC"

"The coin illustrated here is an as, marked A, with jugate portraits of Antony and Octavia on the obverse, a galley under sail on the reverse. It falls into the "light" series, perhaps issued a year after the first release of the coins, on a lighter standard, in the name of Antony and Oppius Capito. Although this experimental coinage was short-lived and very rare today, it is interesting to note that the great currency reform started by Octavian, after he had taken the name Augustus and become the first Emperor of Rome, resulted in a bronze coinage using exactly the same denominations as Anthony's fleet issues."

Provenance: Private purchase (August 2017).
RPC I 1470
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An AE As struck 38-37 BC in Achaea
Obverse: M ANT IMP TERT COS DESIG ITER ET III VIR RPC - Jugate busts of Marc Antony and Octavia right.

Reverse: M OPPIVS CAPITO PRO PR PRAEF CLASS F C - Galley right; A below.

Diameter: 22 mm
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 6.69 g
No notes for this coin
RPC I 1465
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An AE As struck 180-170 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus I

Reverse: prow of galley right; (MAT) / I / ROMA

Diameter: 32 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 27.8 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 162/3a
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An AE As struck 169-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: Laureate, bearded bust of Janus. I above

Reverse: Prow of Galley, right. OPEI above, I in right field. ROMA in exergue

Diameter: 28.5 mm
Die Orientation: 7 H
Weight: 15.3 g
The first of the Opimii to obtain the consulship was Quintus Opimius in 154 BC. He is probably identical to the moneyer for the year 158 BC.
Crawford 190/1, Sear 1111
(8) Rome
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An Aes grave As struck 215-211 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus

Reverse: prow of galley left; I

Diameter: 34 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 52.9 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 41/5a; Sydenham 101
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An AE As struck 211-210 BC in Venusia?
Obverse: Laureate head of Janus I

Reverse: Prow of galley right I H ROMA

Diameter: 30 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 31.7 g
Mint in southeast Italy, possibly Apulia (Venusia?) Rare
Crawford 085/02 H, Alb. 287, Syd. 175
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An AE As struck 211-208 BC in Brundisium?
Obverse: Laureate head of bearded Janus I

Reverse: Prow of galley right, club above I ROMA

Diameter: 37 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 44.2 g
Mint in southeast Italy, probably in Apulia (Brundisium?)
Crawford 89/3; Sydenham 213; sear5 #632
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An AE As struck 206-195 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus I

Reverse: prow of galley right, Rostrum Tridens above I ROMA

Diameter: 32 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 28.99 g
Romans, commanded by Consul Maenius, who destroyed port of Antium in 338 BC, captured their fleet of twenty two gallies six of which were armed with rostris. These naval beaks taken from the Autiati were originally displayed on the Forum and gave name (Rostra) to a public place in Rome, where a species of estrade or scaffold stood, surmounted by a tribune, whence the magistrates or other orators harangued the people.
Cr114/2, sear5 #660, Syd 245;
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An AE As struck 206-195 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus I

Reverse: prow of galley right, meta above I ROMA

Diameter: 33 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 43.4 g
scarce
Crawford 124/03
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An AE As struck 170-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus I

Reverse: prow of galley right I ROMA

Diameter: 27 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 20 g
scarce
McCabe K1.As.1, related to the Crawford 183, 184
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An AE As struck 170-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus; I

Reverse: prow of galley right; (PT) / I / ROMA

Diameter: 30 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 23.1 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 177/01
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An AE As struck 209-208 BC in Canusium
Obverse: laureate head of Janus; ― / CA

Reverse: prow of galley right, fighting platform decorated with club; I / CA / ROMA

Diameter: 25 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 10.27 g
Canusium emergency issue doublestrike
Crawford 100/1c; Sydenham 309a
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An AE As struck 209-208 BC in Etruria
Obverse: laureate head of Janus; I

Reverse: prow of galley right; I / ROMA

Diameter: 36 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 42.1 g
slightly tooled
McCabe E1.As.1 (related to Crawford 106)
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An AE As struck 211-208 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus; I

Reverse: prow of galley right; I / ROMA

Diameter: 32 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 39.5 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 056/02, McCabe D1 (related to Cr. 50)
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An AE As struck 170-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus; I

Reverse: prow of galley right, butterfly on vine branch with leaf and grape bunch above; I / ROMA

Diameter: 31 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 26.2 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 184/1a
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An AE As struck 170-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus; I

Reverse: prow of galley right, above gryphon trampling on head of hare; I / ROMA

Diameter: 32 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 24.8 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 182/2; Sydenham 284.
(20) Saxula
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An AE As struck 170-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus; I

Reverse: prow of galley right; S(AX) / I / ROMA

Diameter: 33 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 31.5 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 180/1; Sydenham 361; Type as RBW 762
(21) Valerius
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An AE As struck 170-158 BC in Rome
Obverse: laureate head of Janus I

Reverse: prow of galley right (VAL) I ROMA

Diameter: 32 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 33.1 g
No notes for this coin
Crawford 191/1, Sydenham 356, BMCRR I Rome 545, SRCV I 710