It flourished as the center of several Aramaic Kingdoms, until conquered by the Assyrians, and later by Alexander III of Macedon. After the death of Alexander in 323 BC, Damascus became the site of a struggle between the Seleucid and Ptolemaic empires.
In 64 BC, the Roman general Pompey annexed the western part of Syria. The Romans occupied Damascus and subsequently incorporated it into the league of ten cities known as the Decapolis which themselves were incorporated into the province of Syria and granted autonomy. The city of Damascus was entirely redesigned by the Romans after Pompey conquered the region.
After most of the Syrian countryside was conquered by the Rashidun Caliphate during the reign of Caliph Umar, Damascus itself was conquered by the Muslim-Arab general Khalid ibn al-Walid in August - September 634 AD.
Modern location: Damascus, Syria
Reverse:
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Weight: 2.9 g
Reverse: AΛEΞANΔPOY, Zeus Aëtophoros seated left; in left field, forepart of ram right; below throne, pellet between struts, ΔA below.
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Weight: 17.08 g
Reverse: Zeus Ouranios, draped, standing left, holding star and scepter; two monograms to outer left; all within laurel wreath, E(koppa)P (date) in exergue
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 16.03 g
Reverse: eagle facing, head left, wreath in beak, ram's head below; ΔHMAPX_·EΞ VΠATOC TO Δ
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Weight: 13.8 g
Reverse: wreath, ram head below COLONI·DAMASCO·METROP· / CEBA CMIA
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Weight: 18.6 g
Reverse: vexillum, eagle on both sides; DAMAS METRO
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Weight: 9 g