He was born Gaius Octavius, and when his maternal great-uncle Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 BC, Octavius was named as his adopted son and heir.
Augustus restored the outward façade of the free Republic. In reality, he held autocratic power over the Republic as a military dictator. His reign initiated the Pax Romana, and the Roman world was largely free from large-scale conflict for more than two centuries, despite continuous wars of imperial expansion.
Augustus died in AD 14 at the age of 75, probably from natural causes.
Reverse: 2 priests with yoke of 2 oxen right plowing the pomerium (sacred boundary)
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 5.5 g
Reverse: 2 priests with yoke of 2 oxen right plowing the pomerium (sacred boundary)
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 4.3 g
Reverse: Athena standing left, holding spear and shield; Π_AIΩNIOY CYNAPXIA ANTI / OXEΩN
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.3 g
Reverse: Zeus Laodicea standing left with eagle and staff; ZEVΞIΣ / ΦIΛAΛHΘHΣ / ΛAOΔIKEΩN
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 5.15 g
Reverse: serpent-entwined staff; ZEVΞIΣ / ΦIΛAΛHΘHΣ / ΛAOΔIKEΩN
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.51 g
Reverse: bull right; ·C·V·I·CEL· / II·VIR / L·BAGGIO / (MN)·FESTO
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 11.1 g
Reverse: Name and titles of the duoviri around wreath; (MVN)·(AV)GVSTA·BILBILIS / L·COR·C(AL)IDO·L·SEMP.R(VT)ILO II·VIR
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 14.1 g
.jpg)
Reverse: S-C
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 17.5 g
.jpg)
Reverse: S·C inside laurel wreath of eight leaves
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 14.77 g
I'm not sure what to make of the ^ under the bust, I see it on others sold of this #, but not all dies, signed die? workshop letter?
.jpg)
Reverse: ZEYΞIΣ ΦIΛAΛHΘHΣ ΛAOΔIKEΩN, Zeus Laodiceus standing facing left, holding eagle and scepter
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 5.46 g
Reverse: P LVRIVS AGRIPPA IIIVIR AAAFF. , Large S C
Die Orientation: 0 H
Weight: 12 g
.jpg)
Reverse: Seated female figure, wearing drapery, facing right, feet on stool, holding patera and long scepter; SC in fields
Die Orientation: 1 H
Weight: 10.14 g
Divine Augustus (died in 14 AD, ruled 40 years as 1st Emperor of the Roman Empire, deified at death) Commemorative minted under Tiberius (his stepson, adopted son, and reluctant successor)
AE (Bronze) As (denomination) (max diameter 29mm, weight 10.14g, axis 1h) Minted in Rome circa 15-16 AD
Obverse: DIVVS AVGVSTVS PATER (This translates to Divine Augusts, Father) Head of Augustus facing left, wearing crown; star at top; thunderbolt in left field
Reverse: No Inscription Seated female figure (Livia?) wearing drapery, facing right, feet on stool, holding patera and long scepter; SC in fields (SC means by decree of the senate)
(Livia was Augustus's wife and Tiberius's mother, so it would make sense, but RIC just says "seated female figure", could be an allegory or goddess, probably her in the guise of the later)
.jpg)
Reverse: SC inside an oak wreath
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 15.54 g
SC stands for "senatus consultum", a decree of the senate.
.jpg)
Reverse: M SALVIVS OTHO IIIVIR A A A F F, Inscription surrounding large SC
Die Orientation: 6 H
Weight: 9.57 g
RIC dates these coins to 7 BC, from metallurgical analysis, C. Pannekeet dates them to 5 BC in "The_moneyers_issues_under_Augustus.pdf"
Marcus Salvius Otho as Moneyer (Grandfather of the future Emperor of the same name. Reared in the household of Livia Augusta, he became a senator through her influence, and later held the position of Praetor.)
The obverse inscription translates to "Caesar Augustus, Chief Priest, Holding power of the Tribune of the Plebs"
The reverse inscription translates to "Marcus Salvius Otho, one of three magistrates responsible for the casting and striking of gold, silver, and bronze
SC stands for "senatus consultum", a decree of the senate.
.png)
Reverse: CN PISO CN F IIIVIR AAAFF, Inscription around large SC
Die Orientation: 4 H
Weight: 11.07 g
RIC dates to 15 BC and 14 BC comes from:
The_moneyer_issues_under_Augustus.pdf by C.G.J. Pannekeet
The obverse inscription translates to "Augustus, Holding power of the Tribune of the Plebs"
The reverse inscription translates to "Gnaeus Piso, son of Gnaeus, One of three magistrates responsible for the casting and striking of gold, silver, and bronze coinage.
SC stands for "senatus consultum", a decree of the senate.
.jpg)
Reverse: CERERIS, Ceres seated facing left, with long torch, and ears of corn with poppies over altar
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 7.66 g
The obverse inscription translates to "Commander-in-Chief Augustus"
The reverse inscription translates to "of Ceres"
.jpg)
Reverse: Apollo Citharoedus of Actium standing facing, head to left, holding plectrum in his right hand and lyre in his left; IMP X in fields; ACT in exergue
Die Orientation: 2 H
Weight: 3.31 g
The obverse translates to "Augustus, son of the Divine (referring to Julius Caesar)"
IMP X translates to "Commander-in-Chief for the 10th time", and ACT is short for Actium.
.jpg)
Reverse: P LVRIVS AGRIPPA IIIVIR AAAFF, Inscription surrounding large SC
Die Orientation: 7 H
Weight: 11.5 g
Publius Lurius Agrippa as Moneyer
The obverse inscription translates to "Caesar Augustus, Chief Priest, Holding the power of the Tribune of the Plebs"
The reverse inscription translates to "Publius Lurius Agrippa, one of three magistrates responsible for casting and striking gold, silver, and bronze coinage"
SC stands for "senatus consultum", a decree of the senate.
.jpg)
Reverse: M POSTVM ALBIN L PORC CAPIT II VIR Q, Priest standing facing, holding simpulum and branch
Die Orientation: 8 H
Weight: 14.94 g
The obverse inscription translates to "Augustus, son of the Divine (referring to Julius Caesar)"
The reverse translates to "Marcus Postumius Albinus, Lucius Porcius Capito, Two men for a 5 year term"
Reverse: Altar-enclosure with double panelled door; uncertain ornaments at top; SC in fields; PROVIDENT in exergue
Die Orientation: 6 H
Weight: 10.17 g
.jpg)
Reverse: A PLAVTIVS PROCOS, Temple of Aphrodite at Paphos, containing conical xoanon; semicircular courtyard
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 4 g
Denomination is probably supposed to be a quadrans given the size and weight per RPC.
The obverse inscription translates to "Commander-in-Chief Caesar, son of the Divine (referring to Julius Caesar)"
The reverse inscription translates to "Aulus Plautius, Proconsul"
Reverse: COLO PATR, Patera, aspergillum, jug, and lituus (priestly implements)
Die Orientation: 4 H
Weight: 3.17 g
The obverse inscription translates to "[struck with] Permission of Caesar Augustus"
The reverse inscription translates to "Colonia Patricia"
.jpg)
Reverse: PONTIF·MAXIM·TRIBVN·POT·XXXIIII·, Inscription around large SC
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 10.36 g
Pontifex Maximus Tribunitia Potestas XXXIIII (Chief Priest, holding the power of the tribune of people [ability to veto legislation] for the thirty-fourth time)
Senatus Consulto ([struck] by the authority of the Senate)
.jpg)
Reverse: IVLIA TRAD in two lines within oak wreath
Die Orientation: 2 H
Weight: 8.92 g
The obverse inscription translates to "[struck with] Permission of Caesar Augusuts"
The reverse inscription translates to "Julia Traducta"
.jpg)
Reverse: APXIE-PATIKON ANTIOXEIΣ Λ, Inscription in four lines within wreath of an archiereus
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 14.5 g
This coin names Augustus as "Archiereus" which appears to be similar to Pontifex Maximus (Chief Priest), but for the region of Antioch.
The obverse inscription translates to something like "to Caesar Augustus, our Archiereus"
The reverse inscription translates to something like "The Archiereus of the Antioch region, Year 30"
.jpg)
Reverse: CAESAR AVGVSTA L CASSIO C VAL FEN, Vexillum on base; II VIR to left and right
Die Orientation: 4 H
Weight: 5.34 g
The obverse inscription translates to "Augustus, son of the Divine (referring to Julius Caesar)"
The reverse inscription translates to "Caesaraugusta, to Lucius Cassius and Gaius Valerius Fene(stella?) as two magistrates to govern the colony
.jpg)
Reverse: ROM ET AVG, Front elevation of the Altar of Lyons, decorated with the corona civica between laurels, these being flanked by nude male figures to left and right, Victories on columns facing eachother
Die Orientation: 4 H
Weight: 9.56 g
Translations:
Obverse: Caesar, High Priest
Reverse: To Rome and Augustus
The Sanctuary of the Three Gauls was founded by Drusus (stepson of Augustus) to federalize and Romanize this area as an Imperial province under Augustus following the Gallic wars of his predecessor Julius Caesar.
.jpg)
Reverse: C CAESAR AVG F PONT COS, Bare head of Gaius Caesar facing right
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 9.94 g
Translations:
Obverse: "Caesar Augustus, Father of the Fatherland"
Reverse: "Gaius Caesar, son of Augustus, Priest, Consul"
Reverse: ΘΕΣΣΑΛΟΠΙΚΕΩΠ, Inscription in two lines within laurel wreath
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 10.24 g
Reverse: P CARISI LEG, Victory standing facing right, crowning trophy of captured arms, dagger and curved sword at base
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 1.79 g
Reverse: MVN ERCAVICA, Bull standing facing right
Die Orientation: 1 H
Weight: 9.34 g
Reverse: C VAR RVF SEX IVL POL II VIRQ, Simpulum, aspergillum, securis, and apex
Die Orientation: 5 H
Weight: 13.92 g
Reverse: AVGVSTVS, Inscription inside laurel wreath
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 10.8 g
Tziambazis believes it to be of Cypriot origin. Needless to say, the scattered find evidence makes the coin remain an enigma.
Reverse: AVGVSTVS, Inscription inside laurel wreath
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 6.95 g
Tiberius countermarks
Reverse: IVLIA TRAD in two lines within oak wreath
Die Orientation: 10 H
Weight: 7.91 g
The obverse inscription translates to "[struck with] Permission of Caesar Augusuts"
The reverse inscription translates to "Julia Traducta"
Reverse: AVGVSTVS, Inscription inside laurel wreath
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 8.99 g
Tiberius countermarks
.jpg)
Reverse: ΛAMΨAK, Priapus standing facing left
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 3.22 g
Reverse: P CARISIVS - LEG - AVGVSTI in three lines
Die Orientation: 9 H
Weight: 10.48 g
Reverse: C . ASINIVS IIIVIR A A A F F around S C
Die Orientation: 1 H
Weight: 11.66 g
Reverse: P. CARISIVS LEG AVGVSTI, Inscription in three lines
Die Orientation: 2 H
Weight: 11.37 g
Because the inscription after AVGVST is off of the flan it could be either TRIB POTEST, TRIBVN POTEST, or TRIBVNI POTEST, making it either RIC 23, 24, or 25 respectively.
Reverse: L SVRDINVS IIIVIR AAAFF, Inscription around large SC
Die Orientation: 1 H
Weight: 9.86 g
.jpg)
Reverse: K Y Z I surrounding torch within wreath
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 3.8 g
.jpg)
Reverse: Bull butting to the right; IMP•X in exergue
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 2.18 g
(0).jpg)
Reverse: IMP T CAES AVG RESTITVIT S C, eagle standing facing on globe, head right, wings open
Die Orientation: 5 H
Weight: 9.5 g
.jpg)
Reverse: AΦPOΔIΣIEΩN, Cult statue of Aphrodite
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 4.65 g
Minted under Caligula
.jpg)
Reverse: legend around S C; •CN•PIƧO•C N F•III VIR•A•A•F•F
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 15.9 g
Reverse: front elevation of the Altar of Lugdunum, decorated with the corona civica between laurels, these being flanked by nude male figures, Victories on columns, facing one another; ROM ET AVG
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 5.78 g
Reverse: altar wtih double panelled door; S__C / PROVIDENT
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 6.22 g
Reverse: P CARISIVS LEG AVGVSTI in three lines across
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 10.34 g
Reverse: cornucopiae; LAMIA SILIVS ANNIVS / S__C
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.75 g
Reverse: Victory standing right, placing wreath on a trophy consisting of helmet and cuirass; dagger and sword hilt at base of trophy; P CARIS_I__LEG
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 1.56 g
Reverse: legend within laureate wreath; AVGVSTVS
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 8.5 g
Reverse: Dolphin entwined around trident within laurel wreath
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 9.6 g
.jpg)
Reverse: bull right; L·F(VL)·SPARSO / L·S(AT)VRNINO / M·C·I II / VIR
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 14.7 g
.jpg)
Reverse: III VIR AAAFF surrounding large SC
Die Orientation: 10 H
Weight: 3 g
.jpg)
Reverse: AVGVSTVS, Eagle standing facing with wings spread, head to left
Die Orientation: 3 H
Weight: 1.87 g
.jpg)
Reverse: C V I CEL L BAGGIO MN FESTO II VIR, Bull standing facing right
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 9.83 g
RPC notes a dating of 17 BC or later given the use of DIVI F in the name
Reverse: Tyche seated right holding palm, below rivergod Orontes swimming right; EΤΟΥΣ__ΝΙΚΗΣ / ΘK / (ΥΠΑ) ΙΓ / (AVT)
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 14.2 g
.jpg)
Reverse: LIBERALITATIS IVL EBOR; Patera, aspergillum, jug, simpulum, and knife
Die Orientation: 6 H
Weight: 21.66 g
.jpg)
Reverse: Altar of Lugdunum, highly decorated with corona civica, laurels, and nude male figures; Victories flanking; ROM ET AVG in exergue
Die Orientation: 9 H
Weight: 10.22 g
.jpg)
Reverse: A PLAVTIVS PROCOS, Temple of Aphrodite at Paphos, in which conical xoanon; semi-circular courtyard
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 2.86 g
.jpg)
Reverse: A PLAVTIVS PROCOS, Zeus Salaminios standing facing, holding philae and scepter; eagle rests on left wrist
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 3.02 g
RPC lists the wrong obverse inscription, it should be the inscription listed for RPC I 3905, this coincides with the plates in RPC I Part II anyway.
(2).JPG)
Reverse: COL-NEM, palm tree curving to right, crocodile right chained below, wreath to left of palm tip with long ties trailing to right
Die Orientation: 6 H
Weight: 12.45 g
Reverse: comet - The Julian Star; DIVVS - IVLIVS
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.8 g
Reverse: PONTIF·MAXIM·TRIBVN·POT·XXXIIII·, S·C at center
Die Orientation: 10 H
Weight: 11.33 g
Reverse: Chained crocodile standing right; palm and filleted wreath behind COL_NEM
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 13.1 g
.jpg)
Reverse: COL NEM, Crocodile chained to palm-shoot with tip right; above palm-tip left a wreath with long ties
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 12.65 g
The reverse symbolizes the capture of Egypt after the Battle of Actium, and the soldiers that won that battle were granted land in Colonia Nemausus.
Reverse: Caius Caesar on horseback riding right, holding sword and reins; to left, aquila right between two signa; C•CAESAR / AVGVS•F
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.4 g
Reverse: Lucius Caesar and Caius Caesar facing, wearing toga, holding shield on the ground and spear, simpulum and lituus (b9) above; AVGVSTI F COS DESIG PRINC IVVENT / C L CAESARES
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.61 g
.jpg)
Reverse: C L CAESARES AVGVSTI F COS DESIG PRINC IVVENT, Gaius and Lucius Caesar standing, each, wearing togas, resting hand on shield and spear, simpulum, right, and lituus, left, flanking, left and right respectively
Die Orientation: 4 H
Weight: 3.8 g
Reverse: Bare head of Tiberius right; TIBEPIOΣ__KAIΣAP
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 9.85 g
.jpg)
Reverse: Bare head of Tiberius right; TIBEPIOΣ__KAIΣAP
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 8.35 g
Reverse: bare head of Augustus right; ΘEΣΣAΛO_NIKEΩN
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 8.3 g
Reverse: Radiate head of Augustus right; ΘEOΣ ΣEBAΣTOΣ
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 13.2 g
Reverse: Bare head of Octavian Augustus right; KAIΣAPOΣ__ΣEBAΣTOY
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 4.1 g