Coins from Apulia
Apulia is a region of Italy in Southern Italy bordering the Adriatic Sea to the east, the Ionian Sea to the southeast, and the Strait of Otranto and Gulf of Taranto to the south.

The chief Greek cities in Apulia were Tarentum & Callipolis - but Apulia was not settled to the same degree that Sicily or Bruttium were.
Apulia
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An AR Denarius struck 210-209 BC in Apulia
Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma right; X (mark of value) to left.

Reverse: The Dioscuri, each holding spear, on horseback right; two stars above; ROMA in exergue.

Diameter: 18 mm
Die Orientation: 3 H
Weight: 3.86 g
From Brinkman-Debernardi group RRC 53 Rearing Horses Group 1 where they state:

“This variety is believed to be one of the earliest issues of 53/2 based on its consistent presence (though in small numbers) in early hoards where contents included 53/2 examples. It is nearly always found with a loop under the visor, believed to be an attribute of Sicilian origin. There are no symboled siblings for this group.”

Obverse: There is usually a small loop under the visor in front of the forehead. The loop is often discretely represented as a small lump, other times it is clearly a loop.Tufts at the back of the helmet are very small and close together.

Reverse: More so than any other variety in this issue, the horses appear to be rearing up, rather than galloping forward, particularly the far horse, with forelegs farther above the exergue than on other varieties. The legend ROMA is in a trapezoidal frame. Cape style is Flag-like or Waving. There is nearly always a pointed horse's tail visible between the legs. The horses and riders appear rather small and distant, compared to other varieties.

Exceptions: There are rare examples that are clearly of this style but with horses that are galloping broadly forward rather than rearing up."

Provenance: CNG Electronic auction 408 (25 October 2017), lot 368, from the Andrew McCabe Collection. Ex Vecchi 13 (4 September 1998), lot 631.
Crawford 53/2 (Brinkman Group 1)
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An AR Denarius struck 210-206 BC in Apulia
Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma right; X (mark of value) to left.

Reverse: The Dioscuri, each holding spear, on horseback right; two stars above; ROMA in exergue.

Diameter: 20 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 4.65 g
Provenance: CNG Electronic Auction 433 (28 November 2018), lot 240, Ex Freeman & Sear - Mail Bid Sale 8 (5 February 2003), lot 356.
Crawford 53/2 (Brinkman Group 4)
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An AR Denarius struck 209 BC in Apulia
Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma right; X (mark of value) to left.

Reverse: The Dioscuri, each holding spear, on horseback right; two stars above; ROMA in exergue.

Diameter: 20 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 4.36 g
Provenance: Ex Ahlström auktion 66 (9 November 2002), lot 1173.
Sibling to the "Spearhead series", RRC 88/2.
Crawford 53/2 (Brinkman Group 5)
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An AE Quadrans struck ca. 215 BC in Brundisium
Obverse: Head of Poseidon facing right, wearing laurel wreath, being crowned by Nike at left; trident and 3 dots below

Reverse: Phalanthos, nude, riding dolphin to left, holding large cithara, Nike crowning him; BRVN below; three pellets below

Diameter: 20 mm
Die Orientation: 4 H
Weight: 6.54 g
No notes for this coin
SNG ANS.792
(5) Caelia
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An AE Sextans struck 220-150 BC in Caelia
Obverse: Head of Athena right wearing crested helmet; ●●

Reverse: Trophy of captured arms, helmet spear, palm branch and shield decoraded with Medusa head; club left; KAIΛIN_ΩN

Diameter: 16.5 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.1 g
No notes for this coin
HNItaly 762; Weber 439; SNG ANS 670-671; BMC Italy pg. 133, 3; SNG Copenhagen 632; SNG Morcom 201 var.; Laffaille -
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An AR Denarius struck 75 (76-75)BC in Military Mint | Taras
Obverse: diademed bust of Genius Populi Romani right, scepter across shoulder, G·P·R

Reverse: wreathed scepter, globe, rudder, EX S·C / CN·LEN·Q

Diameter: 18 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.9 g

mint in Spain. Moneyer struck this coin as questor of proconsul Pompey when he was sent to support Q. Caecilius Metellus Pius in lenghty war against Sertorius in Spain. Moneyer became consul in 56 BC.

Probably struck in late 75 BD in Taras or Brundisium, perhaps the fund of choice to pay local shipping contractors to ferry armies across the Adriatic and back
Crawford 393/1a; SRCV I 323; Sydenham 752, RSC I Cornelia 54, Russo RBW 1432
(7) Hannibal
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An AR Quarter-Shekel struck 212-209 BC in Taras
Obverse: Head of Tanit left

Reverse: Horse standing right

Diameter: -
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.01 g
After his successful campaigns against Rome Hannibal captured Tarentum in 212 BC but failed to control the harbor. The Romans mounted two sieges of Capua, which fell in 211 BC, and the Romans completed their conquest of Syracuse and destruction of a Carthaginian army in Sicily. The Romans pacified Sicily and entered into an alliance with the Aetolian League with Phillip V. Philip. Hannibal now found himself under attack from several sides at once and was quickly subdued by Rome and her Greek allies and eventually lost Tarentum. After a series of defeats Hannibal was recalled to Carthage in 203 BC to direct the defense of his native country against a Roman invasion under Scipio Africanus.
No references provided for this coin
(8) Luceria
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An AE Biunx struck 211-200 BC in Luceria
Obverse: Veiled and wreathed head of Ceres right, ●●

Reverse: Scallop shell, LO / VCERI

Diameter: 17 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 5.8 g
No notes for this coin
HN Italy 681, SNG ANS 708, SNG BnF 1364
(9) Roman Republic
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An AR Denarius struck 208 BC in Apulia
Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma right; X (mark of value) to left.

Reverse: The Dioscuri, each holding spear, on horseback right; two stars above; club below horses; ROMA in exergue.

Diameter: 19 mm
Die Orientation: 0 H
Weight: 4.46 g
Provenance: Numismatica Ars Classica Auction 120 (7 October 2020), lot 492.
Crawford 89/2
(10) Roman Republic
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An AR Denarius struck 209-206 BC in Apulia
Obverse: Helmeted head of Roma right; X (mark of value) to left.

Reverse: The Dioscuri, each holding spear, on horseback right; two stars above; ROMA in exergue.

Diameter: 20 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 4.65 g
Provenance: CNG Electronic Auction 433 (28 November 2018), lot 240, Ex Freeman & Sear - Mail Bid Sale 8 (5 February 2003), lot 356.
Crawford 53/2 (Brinkman Group 4)
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An AE Sextans struck 211-208 BC in Herdonia?
Obverse: draped bust of Mercury right wearing winged petasos ●●

Reverse: prow of galley right, fighting platform with club ROMA ●●

Diameter: 19 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.8 g
Mint in southeast Italy, possibly Apulia (Herdonia?) Scarce
Crawford 056/06, McCabe F1.Sx.2 Luceria-style (die-match)
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An AE As struck 211-210 BC in Venusia?
Obverse: Laureate head of Janus I

Reverse: Prow of galley right I H ROMA

Diameter: 30 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 31.7 g
Mint in southeast Italy, possibly Apulia (Venusia?) Rare
Crawford 085/02 H, Alb. 287, Syd. 175
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An AE As struck 211-208 BC in Brundisium?
Obverse: Laureate head of bearded Janus I

Reverse: Prow of galley right, club above I ROMA

Diameter: 37 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 44.2 g
Mint in southeast Italy, probably in Apulia (Brundisium?)
Crawford 89/3; Sydenham 213; sear5 #632
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An AE As struck 209-208 BC in Canusium
Obverse: laureate head of Janus; ― / CA

Reverse: prow of galley right, fighting platform decorated with club; I / CA / ROMA

Diameter: 25 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 10.27 g
Canusium emergency issue doublestrike
Crawford 100/1c; Sydenham 309a
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An AR Quinarius struck 211-210 BC in Apulia
Obverse: head of Roma right wearing crested helmet

Reverse: Dioscuri on horses riding right, holding spear and reins, stars over pilei; ROMA

Diameter: 16 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.1 g
ex UBC Gold und Numismatik
Crawford 102/2d
(16) Salapia
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An AE unit struck c. 275-250 BC in Salapia
Obverse: dolphin right; ΔAZANΩI / ΔAMOI

Reverse: dolphin right; ΣAΛAΠINΩN

Diameter: 15 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 3.2 g
No notes for this coin
HNItaly 689
(17) Taras
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An AR Nomos struck 280-272 BC in Taras
Obverse: Nude youth crowning himself on horse standing right; capitol of Ionic column below; IΩ / IAΛO

Reverse: Taras seated on dolphin left, holding akrostolion and spindle; ANϘ / TAPAΣ

Diameter: 20 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 6.31 g
No notes for this coin
HN Italy 1014, Vlasto 803 ff.; SNG ANS 1142 ff., SGCV I 363 var.
(18) Tarentum
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An AR Nomos struck 281 - 272 BC in Tarentum
Obverse: Nude warrior on horseback left, carrying small round shield

Reverse: Taras seated on dolphin left, holding Nike in right hand; waves below.

Diameter: -
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 7.82 g
No notes for this coin
Vlasto 684-686; SNG ANS 1060
(19) Tarentum
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An AR Nomos struck c. 302-280 BC in Tarentum
Obverse: Nude rider on horse, holding shield and two spears with left hand, Greek text to upper left (ΦΙΛΩΝ) and lower left (ΕY)

Reverse: Phalanthos, nude, riding dolphin above waves, Nike in right hand, crowning with wreath of laurels, left hand resting on dolphin, Greek text to the upper right (TAPAΣ)

Diameter: 23 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 7.81 g
This particular issue was minted in the years prior to Tarentum's final deafeat by Rome in 272 BC. The depiction of Nike crowning Phalanthos likely celebrates a military victory in the ongoing struggle against Rome. Phalanthos was a hero of Greek mythology, leader of the Spartan Partheniae and the mythic founder of Tarentum.
Vlasto 683; SNG ANS 1059; Historia Numorum Italy 964
(20) Tarentum | Ari
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An AR Nomos struck 332 - 302 BC in Tarentum
Obverse: Nude, helmeted warrior on horseback to right, holding spear in right hand and shield and two more spears in left hand; [Ξ] in left field, [API] below horse

Reverse: Taras astride dolphin to left, holding oar in left hand and a kantharos in outstretched right hand, KΛ below dolphin, [TAPAΣ] to right.

Diameter: 21 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 7.12 g
Calabria, Tarentum
HN Italy 939; Vlasto 636