Coins from Carthaginian Empire
Phoenicians founded Carthage ('New City' in Phoenician) in 814 BC. Initially a dependency of the Phoenician state of Tyre, Carthage gained independence around 650 BC and established its political hegemony over other Phoenician settlements throughout the western Mediterranean, For much of its history, Carthage was on hostile terms with the Greeks in Sicily and with the Roman Republic; tensions led to a series of armed conflicts known as the Sicilian Wars (c. 600–265 BC) and the Punic Wars (264–146 BC) respectively. In 146 BC, after the third and final Punic War, Roman forces razed Carthage to the ground and nearly all of the other Phoenician city-states subsequently fell into Roman hands. Romans refouned Carthage on the same site one century later.
Carthaginian Empire
(1) Akragas
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An AR Quarter-Shekel struck ~ 211-210 BCE in Akragas
Obverse: Head of Triptolemos to the right

Reverse: Horse gallopping right, ḤT underneath

Diameter: 14 mm
Die Orientation: 0 H
Weight: 1.11 g

This coin was struck during the 2nd Punic War.

No references provided for this coin
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(2) Carthage
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An AE unit struck 400-350 BC in Carthage
Obverse: Wreathed head of Tanit left.

Reverse: Horse standing right; in background, date palm with fruit; small pellet in upper left field

Diameter: 16 mm
Die Orientation: 0 H
Weight: 2.7 g
Ex-Pecunem 39-455
Jenkins & Lewis, 2; SNG Copenhagen 114; MAA 18a
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(3) Carthage
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An AE unit struck 310-280 BC in Sicily
Obverse: Head of Tanit decorated by grain ears left

Reverse: Horse right, palm behind

Diameter: 13.5 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.37 g
No notes for this coin
Alexandropoulos 18, SNG Cop 109 ff., Müller Afrique 163, SGCV II 6444
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(4) Carthage
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An AE unit struck 300-264 BC in Carthage | Sardinia
Obverse: head of Tanit left

Reverse: head of horse right

Diameter: 17 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.33 g
No notes for this coin
SNG Cop 149, Alexandropoulos 57, Müller Afrique 268
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(5) Carthage
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An AE unit struck c. 400-350 BC in Carthage
Obverse: Head of Tanit left wearing wreath

Reverse: Horse galloping right

Diameter: 15.5 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 6 g
No notes for this coin
MAA 15; SNG Copenhagen (Africa) 96
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(6) Carthage
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An AE Trishekel? struck c. 201-175 BC in Carthage
Obverse: head of Tanit left wearing wreath of grains

Reverse: horse standing right, lifting front leg

Diameter: 27.5 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 15.4 g
Rare bronze emegency issue replacing silver coinage after the second punic war.
Cf. SNG Copenhagen 409-413
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(7) Carthage
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An AR Tetradrachm struck 320-300 BC in Entella
Obverse: Head of Herakles right, wearing lion skin.

Reverse: Horse’s head left; astragalos to left, palm tree to right, Punic MḤSBM below.

Diameter: 26 mm
Die Orientation: 3 H
Weight: 16.71 g
Provenance: From the Father & Son Collection. Ex Nomos 19 (17 November 2019), lot 43; Classical Numismatic Group 61 (25 September 2002), lot 388.
Jenkins, Punic 367–9 var. (O115/R– [unlisted rev. die]).
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(8) Eryx
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An AE unit struck 400-340 BC in Eryx
Obverse: head of Tanit left

Reverse: horse right; Mem

Diameter: 9.5 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 1.45 g
No notes for this coin
CNS I S.287.22; HGC 30
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(9) Hannibal
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An AR Quarter-Shekel struck 212-209 BC in Taras
Obverse: Head of Tanit left

Reverse: Horse standing right

Diameter: -
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.01 g
After his successful campaigns against Rome Hannibal captured Tarentum in 212 BC but failed to control the harbor. The Romans mounted two sieges of Capua, which fell in 211 BC, and the Romans completed their conquest of Syracuse and destruction of a Carthaginian army in Sicily. The Romans pacified Sicily and entered into an alliance with the Aetolian League with Phillip V. Philip. Hannibal now found himself under attack from several sides at once and was quickly subdued by Rome and her Greek allies and eventually lost Tarentum. After a series of defeats Hannibal was recalled to Carthage in 203 BC to direct the defense of his native country against a Roman invasion under Scipio Africanus.
No references provided for this coin
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(10) Kephaloidion
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An AE unit struck c. 344-280 BC in Kephaloidion
Obverse: head of Herakles righ wearing lion's skin

Reverse: pegasos flying right; KEΦA

Diameter: 13 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 1.4 g
No notes for this coin
CNS 5/4; SNG ANS -.
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(11) Motya
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An AR Litra struck c. 400-397 BC in Motya
Obverse: head of Nymph facing, slightly right, wearing necklace

Reverse: crab, fish above; 'alep waw tet mem

Diameter: 11.5 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 0.7 g
No notes for this coin
Jenkins, Punic, pl. 23, 6; Campana 24a; HGC 2, 937
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)
(12) Solus
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An AE Tetras struck c. 400-300 BC in Solus
Obverse: head of Athena half left wearing Corinthian helmet

Reverse: warrior kneeling right, drawing bow, shooting arrow; KPRA (kapara meaning village)

Diameter: 15 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.3 g
No notes for this coin
cf. Calciati I pg. 310, 5 (same); SNG ANS 743.
Phoenician (Carthaginian Empire)