The Dirham denomination — Variants: Dirhem
Dirham is the name given to a number of fractional silver coins produced in Islamic countries at different times.

The word "dirhem" comes from drachma (δραχμή), the Greek denomination which circulated in the Levant and beyond both before and after the Arab conquest.

Near the end of the 7th century the coin became an Islamic currency bearing the name of the sovereign and a religious verse
Dirham|Dirhem
(1) al-Mahdi
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An AR Dirham struck 780 AD in Madinat-al-Salam
Obverse: Margin: بسم الله ضرب هذا الدرهم بمدينة جى سنة اثنين و ستين و مئة Center: لا الاه الا الله وحده لا شريك له

Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: محمد رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم الخليفة المهدى يحيى

Diameter: 23 mm
Die Orientation: 2 H
Weight: 3 g
No notes for this coin
A.215.1
Islamic (Abbasid)
(2) al-Mansur
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An AR Dirham struck 772 AD in Madinat-al-Salam
Obverse: Margin: بسم الله ضرب هذا الدرهم بمدينة السلام سنة خمس و خمسين و مئة Central: لا اله الا الله وحده لا شرك له ¨

Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: محمد رسول الله بخ بخ

Diameter: 25.4 mm
Die Orientation: 6 H
Weight: 2.83 g
Translation of obverse:

Margin: "In The Name of God. This dirham was struck in Madinat al-Salam in the year five and fifty and one hundred (155)"

Center: There is no diety except |
(the one) God alone |
He has no equal

Translation of reverse:

Margin: Muhammad is the messenger of God. He sent him with guidance and the true religion to reveal it to all religions even if the polytheists abhor it.

Center: Muhammad
The Messanger
Of God
(Bakh Bakh)
Album 213.1.
Islamic (Abbasid)
(3) al-Mansur
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An AR Dirham struck 765-766 AD in Madinat-al-Salam
Obverse: Margin: بسم الله ضرب هذا الدرهم بمدينة السلام سنة ثمان و أربعين و مئة Center: لا اله الا الله وحده لا شريك له

Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: محمد رسول الله بخ

Diameter: 25 mm
Die Orientation: 3 H
Weight: 2.85 g

Year 148 AH=765-766 AD

Translations:

Obverse margin: "In The Name of God. This dirham was struck in Madinat-al-Salam in the year eight and forty and one hundred"

Obverse center: "There is no deity except (the one) God, he has no equal"

Reverse margin: "Muhammad is the messenger of God. He sent him with guidance and the true religion to reveal it to all religions even if the polytheists abhor it."

Reverse center: "Muhammad The Messenger Of God (Bakh)"

Album 213.1; Lavoix 660
Islamic (Abbasid)
(4) al-Nasir Salah al-Din Yusuf
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An AR Dirham struck 1187 AD in Damascus
Obverse:

Reverse:

Diameter: 21.1 mm
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 2.9 g
No notes for this coin
ANS Hoard #12, Alex Malloy 1972, Album 787.1(2?)
Islamic (Ayyubid)
(5) al-Walid I
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An AR Dirham struck 714-715 AD in Wasit
Obverse: Margin:بسم الله ضرب هذا الدرهم بواسط سنة ست و تسعين Center: لا الاه الا الله وحده لا شريك له

Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: الله احد الله الصمد لم يلد و لم يولد و لم يكن له كفؤا أحد

Diameter: 26 mm
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 2.76 g
96 AH=714-715 AD

Translations:

Obverse Margin: "In the name of God. This Dirham was struck in Wasit in the year ninety six"
Center: "There is no deity except | (the one) God alone |He has no equal"

Reverse Margin: "Muhammad is the messenger of God. He sent him with guidance and the true religion to reveal it to all religions even if the polytheists abhor it."
Center: "God is One God | The eternal and indivisible, who has not begotten, and | has not been begotten and never is there | His equal"
Album 128; Lavoix 354
Islamic (Umayyad)
(6) Harun al-Rashid
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An AR Dirham struck 798 AD in Madinat-al-Salam
Obverse: Margin: بسم الله ضرب هذا الدرهم بمدينة السلام سنة اثنتين و ثمنين و مئة Center: لا اله الا الله وحده لا شرك له

Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: محمد رسول الله مما امر به الامير الامين محمد بن امير المؤمنين جعفر

Diameter: 26 mm
Die Orientation: 7 H
Weight: 2.96 g
No notes for this coin
L. 833 Lowick
Islamic (Abbasid)
(7) Husam al-Din Yuluq Arslan
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An AE Dirham struck 1184 - 1201 AD in Mardin
Obverse: Small draped bust, wearing Sasanian-style crown, facing slightly right, and large diademed Roman-style male head left; name and title of Husam al-Din above

Reverse: Four line legend citing Saladin as overlord

Diameter: -
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 14.17 g
Artuqid dynasty
Whelan type II, 52-53; Spengler & Sayles type 34; Album 1829.2.
Islamic (Other Islamic)
(8) Husam al-Din Yuluq Arslan
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An AE Dirham struck 1193 - 1194 AD in Mardin
Obverse: Lamentation scene depicting three standing figures around central female figure seated left, head lowered

Reverse: Islamic legend in five lines within circular border

Diameter: -
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 12.8 g
'Death of Saladin' Sayles has argued persuasively that the scene represents an astrological event whose consequences would have been corroborated by the death of Saladin in 589 AH (1193 AD)
Album 1829.3
Islamic (Other Islamic)
(9) Nasir al-Din Artuq Arslan
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An AE Dirhem struck 1214-1215 AD in Mardin?
Obverse: Bareheaded and draped bust facing slightly left; name and titles of Artuq Arslan around

Reverse: Name and titles of Abbasid caliph in five lines; above, Artuqid tamgha flanked by stars; date in outer margins

Diameter: 23 mm
Die Orientation: 10 H
Weight: 6.22 g
Ex J.P. Righetti Collection
Album 1830.4; Whelan Type IVA; S&S Type 40
Islamic (Other Islamic)
(10) Öz Beg Khan
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An AR Dirham struck 1313 - 1341 AD in Scythia
Obverse:

Reverse:

Diameter: -
Die Orientation: -
Weight: -
The Golden Horde
No references provided for this coin
Islamic (Mongol)