Because the city of Babylon was the capital of this area for so many centuries, the term Babylonia has come to refer to the entire culture that developed in the area from the time it was first settled, about 4000 BCE. Before Babylon’s rise to political prominence (c. 1850 BCE), however, the area was divided into two countries: Sumer in the southeast and Akkad in the northwest.
Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: محمد رسول الله صلى الله عليه و سلم الخليفة المهدى يحيى
Die Orientation: 2 H
Weight: 3 g
Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: محمد رسول الله بخ بخ
Die Orientation: 6 H
Weight: 2.83 g
Margin: "In The Name of God. This dirham was struck in Madinat al-Salam in the year five and fifty and one hundred (155)"
Center: There is no diety except |
(the one) God alone |
He has no equal
Translation of reverse:
Margin: Muhammad is the messenger of God. He sent him with guidance and the true religion to reveal it to all religions even if the polytheists abhor it.
Center: Muhammad
The Messanger
Of God
(Bakh Bakh)
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Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: محمد رسول الله بخ
Die Orientation: 3 H
Weight: 2.85 g
Year 148 AH=765-766 AD
Translations:
Obverse margin: "In The Name of God. This dirham was struck in Madinat-al-Salam in the year eight and forty and one hundred"
Obverse center: "There is no deity except (the one) God, he has no equal"
Reverse margin: "Muhammad is the messenger of God. He sent him with guidance and the true religion to reveal it to all religions even if the polytheists abhor it."
Reverse center: "Muhammad The Messenger Of God (Bakh)"
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Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: الله احد الله الصمد لم يلد و لم يولد و لم يكن له كفؤا أحد
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 2.76 g
Translations:
Obverse Margin: "In the name of God. This Dirham was struck in Wasit in the year ninety six"
Center: "There is no deity except | (the one) God alone |He has no equal"
Reverse Margin: "Muhammad is the messenger of God. He sent him with guidance and the true religion to reveal it to all religions even if the polytheists abhor it."
Center: "God is One God | The eternal and indivisible, who has not begotten, and | has not been begotten and never is there | His equal"
Reverse: Zeus seated left, leaning on scepter, holding eagle; kerykeion in left field; AΛEΞANΔPOY (HΦΛ) / M
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 16.5 g
Reverse: AΛEΞANΔΡOY - Zeus seated left, holding eagle and sceptre, legs uncrossed, caduceus and M in left field, IΦΛI monogram beneath chair.
Die Orientation: 9 H
Weight: 16.98 g
Lifetime Issue.
Reverse: ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ BAΣIΛEΩΣ / MHP / H - Zeus Aëtophoros seated left, holding eagle and sceptre; MHP monogram in wreath in left field, H below throne, ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ to right, BAΣIΛEΩΣ below.
Die Orientation: 5 H
Weight: 16.93 g
Posthumous Issue.
Reverse: AΛEΞANΔΡOY BAΣIΛEΩΣ / M / ΛY - AΛEΞANΔΡOY BAΣIΛEΩΣ to right and beneath Zeus seated left, holding eagle and sceptre; M in left field, ΛY beneath chair above the strut.
Die Orientation: 12 H
Weight: 17.03 g
Posthumous Issue.
Reverse: Zeus enthroned left, holding eagle and scepter monogram in wreath: (HYP); monogram under throne: (XA) AΛEΞANΔPOY / BAΣIΛEΩΣ
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 17.2 g
Reverse: Apollo seated left, on omphalos, holding arrow and resting on bow
Die Orientation: -
Weight: -
Reverse: Apollo seated left on omphalus, bow in left hand, arrow in right, Greek text left (ANTIOXOY) and right (BAΣIΛEΩΣ), monograms left and right
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 16.97 g
Reverse: Apollo seated on omphalos left, holding arrow and bow; BAΣIΛEΩΣ // ANT_IOXOY, (HYP)_(ΠΩA)
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 16.95 g
Reverse: Margin: محمد رسول الله ارسله بالهدى و دين الحق ليظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون Center: محمد رسول الله مما امر به الامير الامين محمد بن امير المؤمنين جعفر
Die Orientation: 7 H
Weight: 2.96 g
Reverse: Zeus seated on throne holding an eagle and scepter, wheel to left, monogram below throne, Greek text to right (ΦΙΛΙΠΠOY) and below throne (ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ)
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 17.15 g
Reverse: BAΣIΛEΩΣ | ΣEΛE-YKOY, Apollo seated left on omphalos, examining arrow in right hand, resting left hand on grounded bow; monograms in outer left and right fields
Die Orientation: 0 H
Weight: 16.93 g
Reverse: Anchor, BAΣIΛEΩΣ // ΣEΛEYKOY, monogram
Die Orientation: -
Weight: 4.7 g
Reverse: BAΣIΛEΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ, Zeus Aëtophoros seated left; monogram in wreath in left field, HP monogram below throne.
Die Orientation: 0 H
Weight: 0 g
Reverse: BAΣIΛEΩΣ AΛEΞANΔΡOY - Zeus seated left, holding eagle and sceptre, anchor and YΠA monogram in left field, A beneath chair. BAΣIΛEΩΣ below, AΛEΞANΔPOY to right.
Die Orientation: 11 H
Weight: 16.95 g
Struck in the name of Alexander III.
Reverse: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΑΛΕΞΑΝΔΡΟΥ / MI / MH-Π - Zeus seated left, holding eagle and sceptre. MI over club in left field. MH-Π monogram in wreath below.
Die Orientation: 4 H
Weight: 17.06 g