Pharnaces was the king of the Bosporan Kingdom from 63 BC and until his death in 47 BC. He was the son of Mithridates VI of Pontus, and was therefore referred to as Pharnaces of Pontus although he never actually ruled that Kingdom as it was annexe by Rome following the death of his father.

Pharnaces II was raised as his father's successor and treated with distinction. However, we know l...

Tiberius Julius Aspurgus Philoromaios was a Prince and Roman client king of the Bosporan Kingdom. The name Aspurgus is of Iranian origin, derived from aspa (horse) and aspabara (horseman). Aspurgus was of Greek and Iranian ancestry.

Little is known of Aspurgus’ reign; however, he seemed to have been a strong and capable ruler. Due to previous dynastic conflicts during the Roman Republic...

Tiberius Julius Mithridates was a Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom from 38 AD to 46 AD. He was the first son of Roman Client Monarchs Aspurgus and Gepaepyris. His younger brother was prince and future King Cotys I.

Little is known on the early life of Mithridates. When Aspurgus died in 38, Mithridates had become joint ruler with his mother, Gepaepyris. Sometime before 45, the R...

Tiberius Julius Cotys was king of the Bosporan Kingdom from 46 AD to 63 AD. He was the second son of Roman client rulers Aspurgus and Gepaepyris.

Little is known on the life of Cotys I. When Aspurgus died in 38, his brother became joint ruler with his mother. Sometime before 45, the Roman Emperor Claudius gave his brother the whole Bosporan Kingdom to rule. Claudius recognised and appoi...

Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom from 68 AD to 90 AD. He was the son and heir of the Roman Client King Cotys I and Roman Client Queen Eunice. He was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry

Little is known of the life of Rhescuporis I. In 63 for unknown reasons, the Roman Emperor Nero disposed Cotys I, and his fate afterwards is unknown....

Sauromates I was a prince and Roman client king of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son and heir of the Bosporan King Rhescuporis I by an unnamed wife, and was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

Sauromates I continued his father’s legacy of rebuilding the Bosporan Kingdom. In 68, Rhescuporis I had restored the Bosporan Kingdom, previously a part of the Roman province of Moesia Inferi...

Tiberius Julius Cotys II was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son and heir of Sauromates I by an unnamed wife and was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry. He was named in honor of his paternal great grandfather.

He reigned until his death in 132 and little is known on his reign. During his reign, the city of Chersonesus Taurica was under his direct con...

Tiberius Julius Rhoemetalces was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son and heir of the Bosporan King Cotys II by an unnamed wife, and of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

When Cotys II died in 132, Rhoemetalces succeeded him. Rhoemetalces ruled as Bosporan King from 132 until his death in 153. He was a contemporary to the rule of the Roman Emperors Hadr...

Tiberius Julius Eupator was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son and heir of the Bosporan King Rhoemetalces by an unnamed wife and was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

When Rhoemetalces died in 153, Eupator succeeded him. Eupator reigned as Bosporan King from 153 until his death in 174. On coinage his royal title is in Greek: ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΕΥΠΑΤΟΡΟΣ or ...

Tiberius Julius Sauromates II was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son and heir of the Bosporan King Eupator by an unnamed woman. Sauromates II was named in honor of Sauromates I, a paternal ancestor of his and a previous Bosporan King.

Little is known of the life and reign of Sauromates II. According to surviving coinage, he appeared to be a religiou...

Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis II was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the first-born son to Bosporan King Sauromates II by an unnamed woman and was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

During his reign, Rhescuporis II co-ruled with his son Rhescuporis III from an unnamed wife. He was a contemporary to the rule of the Roman Emperors Caracalla, Macrinus, Elaga...

Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis III was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son and heir of Bosporan King Rhescuporis II by an unnamed woman and was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry. In 210/211 the paternal grandfather of Rhescuporis III, King Sauromates II died, Rhescuporis III succeeded with his father Rhescuporis II. Rhescuporis III co-ruled with his father as Bos...

Tiberius Julius Cotys III was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the second born son of Bosporan King Sauromates II by an unnamed woman and was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

His brother and nephew were the Bosporan Kings Rhescuporis II and Rhescuporis III. Cotys III was named in honor of Cotys II, a paternal ancestor of his and a previous Bosporan Kin...

Tiberius Julius Sauromates III was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the first-born son to the Bosporan King Cotys III and his mother was an unnamed Sarmatian noble woman. He was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

The father of Sauromates III, Cotys III succeeded his paternal uncle and cousin Rhescuporis II and Rhescuporis III in 227, after their deaths. ...

Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis IV was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the second born son to the Bosporan King Cotys III and his mother was an unnamed Sarmatian noble woman. He was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

He had two brothers: one oldest called Sauromates III and a younger called Ininthimeus. Rhescuporis IV was named in honor of his paternal uncl...

Tiberius Julius Ininthimeus was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the youngest born son to the Bosporan King Cotys III and his mother was an unnamed Sarmatian noble woman. He was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry. His two eldest brothers were princes Sauromates III and Rhescuporis IV. Ininthimeus most probably inherited his name from his maternal ancestry.

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Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis V was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the son and heir to the Bosporan King Ininthimeus and his mother was an unnamed woman and was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry. He was a contemporary to the rule of the Roman Emperors Gordian III, Philip the Arab, Decius and the period Crisis of the Third Century which occurred in the Roman Empire....

Tiberius Julius Pharsanzes was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the first-born son to the Bosporan King Rhescuporis V and his mother was an unnamed woman. He was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry. His younger brothers were princes Synges and Teiranes.

Between 253–254, Pharsanzes co-ruled with his father Rhescuporis V. His royal title on coins is in Greek...

Tiberius Julius Synges was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the second born son to the Bosporan King Rhescuporis V and his mother was an unnamed woman.

Synges succeeded his eldest brother Pharsanzes who co-ruled with their father, Rhescuporis V. Pharsanzes died in 254 and Synges succeeded as second co-ruler with their father in 258 and ruled with his father...

Tiberius Julius Teiranes was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the third born son to the Bosporan King Rhescuporis V and his mother was an unnamed woman. He was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

Teiranes succeeded his second brother Synges, who died around 276 as the third co-ruler with their father Rhescuporis V. Later in 276, Teiranes’ father died and ...

Tiberius Julius Sauromates IV was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the first-born son to the Bosporan King Teiranes and an unnamed mother. His younger brother was prince Theothorses and was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry.

In 276 the paternal grandfather of Sauromates IV, King Rhescuporis V died and Teiranes succeeded him. Sauromates IV was raised to c...

Tiberius Julius Theothorses was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the second-born son to the Bosporan King Teiranes and his mother was an unnamed woman. He was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry. His elder brother was prince Sauromates IV, who co-ruled briefly with his father before his death in 276.

In 278, during his father's reign, Theothorses was eleva...

Tiberius Julius Rhescuporis VI was the last ruler of the Bosporan Kingdom, a client realm of the Roman Empire. He ruled from 303 until his death in 342, and was a contemporary to the Tetrarchy and the Constantinian dynasty in Rome. Little is known of his life and reign.

In 303, Rhescuporis VI became co-ruler with his father, Theothorses. When Theothorses died around 308/309, Rhescuporis...

Tiberius Julius Rhadamsades was a prince and Roman Client King of the Bosporan Kingdom. He was the second born son to the Bosporan King Theothorses and an unnamed woman. He was of Greek, Iranian and Roman ancestry. His eldest brother was prince Rhescuporis VI.

Around 308/309, Rhadamsades succeeded his father and became co-ruler with his older brother Rhescuporis VI. He ruled as Bosporan...